Reproduction in Plants 11

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E-NOTE FOR PRIMARY 5 BASIC SCIENCE

Topic: Reproduction in Plants
Sub-topic: Fertilization: Insect and Wind Pollinated Flowers, Fertilization, and Fruit Development
Class: Primary 5
Subject: Basic Science
Duration: 40 minutes

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Instructional Objectives

At the end of the lesson, the pupils should be able to:

1. Lower Domain (Knowledge/Remembering – Cognitive):

   • Identify at least two differences between insect-pollinated and wind-pollinated flowers correctly.

2. Middle Domain (Comprehension/Understanding – Cognitive):

   • Explain in their own words how fertilization takes place in plants using simple diagrams.

3. Higher Domain (Application/Evaluation – Cognitive):

   • Describe the process of fruit development after fertilization and give at least one example of a fruit that develops from a fertilized flower.

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Entry Behaviour

Pupils have seen flowers, fruits, and insects such as bees and butterflies around them.

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Instructional Materials

• Real flowers (e.g., hibiscus, maize tassel, pawpaw flower)

• Chart showing insect-pollinated and wind-pollinated flowers

• Diagram of fertilization process

• Samples of fruits (e.g., mango, maize cob, pawpaw)

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Content Development

Step 1: Insect-Pollinated and Wind-Pollinated Flowers

• Insect-pollinated flowers: These are flowers that depend on insects like bees and butterflies to carry pollen from the male part (anther) to the female part (stigma).

  • Examples: Hibiscus, pawpaw.

  • Features: Brightly coloured petals, sweet scent, nectar, large sticky pollen grains.

• Wind-pollinated flowers: These are flowers that rely on the wind to blow pollen from one flower to another.

  • Examples: Maize, grass.

  • Features: Dull-coloured petals, no nectar, light smooth pollen grains, many pollen grains produced.

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Step 2: Fertilization in Plants

• After pollination, the pollen grain on the stigma grows a pollen tube down into the ovary.

• The male cell inside the pollen grain travels through the tube to meet the female cell (ovule).

• When the male cell joins with the female cell, fertilization takes place, forming a seed.

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Step 3: Fruit Development

• After fertilization, the ovary develops into a fruit.

• The ovule becomes the seed inside the fruit.

• Examples:

  • Mango flower → Mango fruit

  • Pawpaw flower → Pawpaw fruit

  • Maize flower → Maize cob

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Summary

• Insect-pollinated flowers are colourful, scented, and attract insects.

• Wind-pollinated flowers are not colourful and depend on the wind.

• Fertilization happens when the male cell (pollen) joins the female cell (ovule).

• After fertilization, the ovary changes into a fruit while the ovule becomes the seed.

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Evaluation Questions

1. Mention two features of insect-pollinated flowers.

2. Give two examples of wind-pollinated flowers.

3. Explain in your own words what fertilization is in plants.

4. What part of the flower develops into fruit after fertilization?

5. Mention one example of a fruit that develops from a fertilized flower.

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Assignment

Draw and label:

1. An insect-pollinated flower (e.g., hibiscus).

2. A wind-pollinated flower (e.g., maize).

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