Plant Forms and Distribution of Crops (Lesson note)

Detailed Lesson Note

Subject: Agricultural Science
Class: JSS 1 (Grade 7)
Topic: Plant Forms and Distribution of Crops II
Duration: 40 minutes
Date: 06/10/2025
Average Age: 10 – 12 years
Sex: Mixed
Instructional Materials:

• Chart showing parts of crop plants
• Real samples (maize and bean seeds/plants)
• Whiteboard/marker
• Pictures of monocotyledon and dicotyledon plants

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Lesson Objectives

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

1. Identify and label at least four main parts of a crop plant (roots, stem, leaves, flowers, fruits, or seeds). (Knowledge – Lower domain)
2. Differentiate between monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants by stating at least two differences and two examples each. (Comprehension/Application – Middle domain)

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Lesson Presentation (40 minutes)

Step 1: Introduction (5 mins)

• Teacher’s Activities:
  Greets the students and settles the class. Revises the previous lesson on crops by asking: “Who can tell me what crops are?” Links answers to today’s lesson: Plant Forms and Distribution of Crops. Writes the topic on the board.
• Learners’ Activities:
  Students respond to questions, listen attentively, and write down the topic.
• Evaluation:
  Q: What is today’s topic?

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Step 2: Parts of a Crop Plant (10 mins)

• Teacher’s Activities:
  Displays a chart/real plant. Explains that a crop plant has roots, stem, leaves, flowers, fruits, and seeds. Describes each part briefly:
• Roots: absorb water/nutrients
• Stem: supports plant, transports nutrients
• Leaves: make food (photosynthesis)
• Flowers: reproduction
• Fruits & seeds: carry young plants
• Learners’ Activities:
  Students observe the plant/chart, repeat functions, and point to each part on the sample.
• Evaluation:
  Q: Mention two parts of a crop plant and their functions.

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Step 3: Monocotyledons vs. Dicotyledons (15 mins)

• Teacher’s Activities:
  Shows maize (monocot) and bean (dicot). Explains differences:

Feature	Monocots (e.g., maize, rice)	Dicots (e.g., beans, groundnut)
Seed leaves	One cotyledon	Two cotyledons
Leaf veins	Parallel venation	Net-like venation
Roots	Fibrous roots	Taproot system
Flowers	Multiples of 3	Multiples of 4 or 5

Guides students to classify other examples.

• Learners’ Activities:
  Students examine maize and bean seeds, compare venation on leaves, and attempt classification of yam, cocoa, rice, etc.
• Evaluation:
  Q: Give one difference between monocots and dicots.

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Step 4: Conclusion/Summary (5 mins)

• Teacher’s Activities:
  Summarizes the lesson:

1. Crop plants have parts like roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, and seeds.
2. Plants are grouped into monocots and dicots based on seed leaves and features.

Asks quick oral revision questions.

• Learners’ Activities:
  Students answer, take notes, and ask questions for clarification.
• Evaluation:
  Q: What are the two main plant forms discussed today?

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Evaluation Questions (Class work)

1. List four parts of a crop plant.
2. State the function of the stem.
3. Give two examples of monocots.
4. Give two examples of dicots.
5. Mention one difference between monocot and dicot leaf venation.

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Assignment

1. Draw and label a crop plant showing at least 4 parts.
2. Write 2 examples each of monocots and dicots from your environment.