LIVING AND NON-LIVING THINGS (3) LESSON NOTE

PROPOSED LESSON PLAN/NOTE FOR THE FOURTH WEEK ENDING 7^th OCTOBER, 2022

2022/2023 ACADEMIC SESSION

SUBJECT: BASIC SCIENCE

TOPIC: LIVING AND NON-LIVING THINGS

CLASS: GRADE 7

NUMBER OF STUDENTS: 11

AVERAGE AGE: 11+ YEARS

GENDER: MIXED

PERIOD: 3^RD&4^TH PERIOD ON MONDAY AND WEDNESDAY RESPECTIVELY

DURATION: 40 MINUTES

DATE: 03/10/2022

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: By the end of the lesson the students should be able to;

i. states examples, characteristics and importance of plants and animals;

ii. differentiate between plants and animals.

ENTRY BEHAVIOUR/ PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE: Students have already studied characteristics of living things base on plant and animals.

INSTRUCTIONAL METHODS/TECHNIC: Questions, simulation, visual.

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Life specimens of plants and animals, old newspapers and drawing books, charts/posters, plaster containers and polythene bags, sort out collections into plants and animal.

INTRODUCTION: Questions posed to the students include

Question 1: Mention some plants that you know.

Expected Answers: Pawpaw, pineapple, orange etc

Question 2: Mention some animals that you know.

Expected Answers: Birds, lizard, cat, dog, etc

STEP I: EXAMPLES, CHARACTERISTICS AND IMPORTANCE OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS

EXAMPLES OF PLANTS: mango, palm, mahogany and baobab.

EXAMPLES OF ANIMALS: chimpanzee, gorilla, lion and giraffe.

Question 3: Differentiate between plant and animal.

DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERISTICS OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS

1. Animals move about from place to place: Have you ever wondered why birds fly? Why does a lion roam in a jungle? All animals move from one place to another in search of food. On the other hand, most plants are fixed to the ground. They do not have to search for food. They make their own food through photosynthesis. An animal can move. A plant cannot move except by turning.

2. Animals eat plants or other animals: Animals cannot make their own food. Animals like cows and buffaloes eat plants. Animals like lions, tigers and cats eat other animals. On the other hand, green plants make their own food with the help of air, water and sunlight.

3. Animals breathe through lungs, gills and air holes: Animals like horses, tigers and whales breathe through their lungs. Fish have gills which help them to breathe in water. Insects like cockroaches, flies and butterflies have air holes on their bodies which help them to breathe. But plants breathe through tiny pores on their leaves called stomata.

4. Animals have sense organs: Animals have sense organs like skin, eyes, nose, ears and tongue. These organs help them to know about the world around them. Plants do not have sense organs.

5. Animals reproduce by laying eggs or by giving of birth to young ones: Some animals like birds and snakes lay eggs. Others like cats and cows give birth to young ones. On the other hand, most plants produce seeds. These seeds give rise to new plants. Some new plants grow from a part of the plant like stem and roots.

6. Animal cells are different from plant cells: Animal cells do not have cell wall while plant cells have cell wall.

Question 4: State the importance of plants and animals.

IMPORTANCE OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Human beings are dependent upon plants and animals. They provide many useful things like food, clothing, medicines and shelter to us.

Uses of Plants

1. Plants provide food to human beings and animals. Fruits, vegetables, tubers, grains, legumes are provided by plants.

2. They provide shelter and protection to wildlife.

3. They help in regulating the balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. This is because plants release oxygen and absorb carbon dioxide during photosynthesis. Oxygen released is used for breathing.

4 They help in reducing global warming.

5. They prevent the erosion of soil by water

6. They provide us medicines to cure diseases. For example, quinine is obtained from the bark of Cinchona tree.

7. They provide us timber which is used as a building material.

8. They provide us wood used to make furniture and also used as a fuel.

9. They provide material for clothing. Cotton, flax and jute are grown to obtain fibres.

10. Many plants are of economic importance. For example, cocoa, cashew, coffee, kola and oil palm.

Uses of Animals:

1. Like plants, animals also provide food. Animals provide milk, meat and eggs.

2. Animals like donkey, elephant and camel help in carrying loads.

3. They provide clothing materials like silk and wool

4. They also provide pelts and hides.

5. Animals like birds, butterflies and honeybees help in pollination.

6. They are also used as a means of transport. For example, camel is used in desert.

7. Animals help in farming.

8. Animal dung is used as fuel or fertilizer.

9. Animals like vultures, eagles and crow help in cleaning up the environment by eating dead and decaying organic matter.

10. Animals also help in recreation.

Question 6: Differentiate between plant and animals.

STEP II: DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Plants	Animals
1. Plants prepare their own food.	Animals depend on plants directly or indirectly for food.
2. Plants do not move from place to place.	Animals move from place to place in search of food.
3. Plants have stomata for exchange of air.	Animals have lungs, gills or air holes for exchange of air.
4. Plants do not have sense organs.	Animals have sense organs.
5. Plants reproduce through seeds or other plant parts.	Animals reproduce by laying eggs or by giving birth to babies.
6. Plants absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen.	Animals absorb oxygen and release carbon dioxide.
7. Plants have root system and shoot system.	Animals have respiratory system, digestive system, circulatory system, skeletal system, etc.

EVALUATION:

1. Name any five plants that you see in your surroundings.

2. Write the names of five animals which you see in the environment.

3. How do living things reproduce?

4. Why do animals move from place to place?

SUMMARY:

i. Animals and plants differ in many ways. Animals can move from one place to another in search of food while plants do not.

ii. Animals have sense organs; plants do not have sense organs.

iii. Animals give birth to young ones or lay eggs, plants grow from seeds or from other parts of the plant.

CONCLUSSION: Base on the responses of students to the evaluation it can be concluded that the topic was well taught.

ASSIGNMENT:

i. Distinguish between plants and animals.

ii. Explain the characteristics of living things.

iii. Explain the importance of plants.

iv. Describe yourself as a living thing in your own words.

v. Why are animals important to us?