WEEK THREE
SUBJECT: BASIC SCIENCE
CLASS: GRADE 7
TERM: SECOND
TOPIC:
DISEASES AND PREVENTION
DEFINITION AND TYPES OF DISEASES:
A disease is an abnormal condition affecting a living organism. Disease prevention refers to ways by which the
spread of diseases is reduced or eradicated. The major types of diseases are
infectious diseases, deficiency diseases, hereditary diseases, physiological
disease, communicable and non-communicable diseases.
DIFFERENT MODES OF TRANSMISSION OF DISEASES:
Air-borne diseases: An
airborne disease is any disease that is caused by a microorganism that is
transmitted through the air. They include anthrax, aspergillosis,
blastomycosis, chickenpox, adenovirus, enterovirus, rotavirus, influenza,
rhinovirus, corona virus, etc.
Water-borne diseases: These
are diseases that are spread through water medium. They include cholera,
diarrhea, typhoid, dysentery, etc.
Food-borne diseases: These are diseases that
are caused by consuming contaminated foods or beverages. They include
campylobacteriosis, cryptosporidium, cyclosporiasis, Escherichia coli, etc
Insects-borne diseases: These
are illnesses transmitted to humans by insects. They include scabies, head
lice, public lice, etc.
METHODS OF PREVENTION:
1.
Handle and prepare food safely. Food can carry germs.
2.
Wash hands often with soap.
3.
Clean and disinfect commonly used surfaces.
4.
Cough and sneeze into a tissue or your sleeve.
5.
Don’t share personal items.
6.
Get vaccinated.
7.
Avoid touching wild animals.
8.
Stay home when sick.
9.
Immunize against infectious diseases.
10.
Ventilate your home.
11.
Use mosquito net.
ASSIGNMENT
OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS:
1.
Which of the following is an air borne disease? A. Cholera B. Dysentry C.
Goiter D. Tuberculosis E. Typhoid
2.
Water borne diseases include the following EXCEPT A. cholera B. diarrhea C.
dysentery D. measles E. typhoid
3.
Which of the following is NOT a way of preventing diseases? A. Drinking clean
water B. Immunization C. Sleeping in a decorated room D. Use of mosquito net E.
Washing of hands with soap
4.
Which of these diseases can be contracted through impure drinking water? A.
measles B. scabies C. tuberculosis D. typhoid fever E. whooping cough
5.
Diseases can be controlled and prevented by the following methods EXCEPT A.
choice of parents B. choice of partners C. education D. immunization E.
sanitation
6.
Any abnormal condition affecting a living organism is A. disease B. clamp C.
cough D. malign E. excrement
THEORY QUESTIONS:
1.
Define disease and list six types.
2. State different modes of transmission
of diseases.
3.
List eleven methods of prevention of diseases.
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