Detailed Lesson Note
Subject: Basic Science
Class: JSS2 (Grade 8)
Topic: Circulatory System I
Sub-topic: Meaning of the Circulatory System and Its Parts; Blood, Its
Composition and Functions; Blood Vessels; Blood Groups and Blood Test.
Week: Ten
Duration: 40 minutes
Date: To be inserted by the teacher
Period: To be inserted by the teacher
Instructional
Objectives
By the end of the lesson, students
should be able to:
- Define the circulatory system and identify its major
parts (blood, heart, blood vessels). (Lower domain – knowledge)
- Explain the composition and functions of blood, and
differentiate among arteries, veins, and capillaries. (Middle domain –
comprehension/analysis)
- Analyze and classify blood into groups (A, B, AB, O),
and justify the importance of blood tests. (Higher domain –
analysis/evaluation)
Instructional
Materials
- Chart/model of human circulatory system
- Diagram of human heart
- Flashcards with blood groups
- Whiteboard/marker or chalkboard/chalk
Reference
Materials
- JSS2 Basic Science Textbook
- Teacher’s Lesson Notes
Lesson
Development
Step
1: Introduction (5 minutes)
Teacher’s Activities
- Greets and settles the students.
- Asks: “What comes out when you get a cut on your
skin?”
- Uses students’ responses (blood) to introduce the
topic: Circulatory System I.
Students’ Activities
- Respond that blood comes out.
- Listen attentively.
Step
2: Presentation (25 minutes)
Part
A: Meaning of Circulatory System and Its Parts (7 minutes)
Teacher’s Activities
- Defines the circulatory system as the system
responsible for the movement of blood, oxygen, nutrients, and waste around
the body.
- Lists and explains its parts:
- Blood
– the fluid that carries materials.
- Heart
– the pumping organ.
- Blood vessels
– the tubes that carry blood.
- Shows a diagram of the circulatory system.
Students’ Activities
- Copy notes.
- Point out the heart, blood, and blood vessels on the
diagram.
Part
B: Blood – Composition, Functions, and Blood Vessels (10 minutes)
Teacher’s Activities
- Explains composition of blood:
- Plasma
– liquid part carrying food and wastes.
- Red Blood Cells (RBCs) – carry oxygen using haemoglobin.
- White Blood Cells (WBCs) – fight germs and diseases.
- Platelets
– help blood clot when injured.
- States functions of blood: transportation, protection,
and regulation of body temperature.
- Explains blood vessels:
o
Arteries: carry blood away from heart, thick walls.
o
Veins: carry blood back to heart, thinner walls, valves present.
o
Capillaries: tiny vessels where exchange of materials occurs.
Students’ Activities
- Take down notes.
- Answer teacher’s questions on functions of each part.
Part
C: Blood Groups and Blood Test (8 minutes)
Teacher’s Activities
- Explains four blood groups: A, B, AB, O.
- States importance of blood tests:
- To know your blood group before transfusion.
- To prevent death from wrong transfusion.
- Explains:
- Group O
= universal donor.
- Group AB
= universal recipient.
- Uses flashcards to show blood groups.
Students’ Activities
- Mention if they know their blood group.
- Ask questions about transfusion.
Step
3: Evaluation (7 minutes)
Teacher’s Questions
- Define the circulatory system.
- Name the three major parts of the circulatory system.
- List two components of blood and state their functions.
- Differentiate between arteries and veins.
- Which blood group is the universal donor?
Students’ Activities
- Answer the questions orally.
Step
4: Conclusion (3 minutes)
Teacher’s Activities
- Summarizes key points:
- Circulatory system = blood, heart, blood vessels.
- Blood has plasma, RBC, WBC, platelets.
- Arteries, veins, and capillaries are blood vessels.
- Blood groups are A, B, AB, and O.
- Blood test is important for transfusion.
- Encourages students to find out their blood group.
Students’ Activities
- Listen and copy the summary.
Assignment
- Draw and label a simple diagram of the human
circulatory system.
- Write short notes on the four components of blood.
- Explain the difference between a universal donor and a
universal recipient.
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