Family Health – Sanitation (Lesson note)

DETAILED LESSON NOTE
Class: JSS 1 (Grade 7)
Subject: Basic Science
Topic: Family Health – Sanitation

Week: Eight
Duration: 40 minutes
Date:  To be inserted by teacher
Average Age: 11–13 years

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Instructional Objectives

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

1. Define personal cleanliness correctly. (Lower domain – Knowledge)
2. Explain at least three methods of keeping the body clean. (Middle domain – Understanding/Application)
3. Analyze different methods of keeping the home clean and suggest suitable ones for their homes. (Higher domain – Analysis)
4. Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of personal cleanliness with at least two points for each. (Higher domain – Evaluation)

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Instructional Materials

• Charts showing healthy and dirty environments
• Pictures/posters of children brushing, bathing, sweeping etc.
• Whiteboard and marker
• Real objects (toothbrush, soap, bucket, broom, detergent, mop)

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Entry Behaviour

Students already practice some personal hygiene at home such as bathing, brushing and sweeping their surroundings.

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Lesson Development

Step I: Introduction (5 minutes)

• Teacher greets students and leads them into the lesson by asking:
  “What do you normally do in the morning before coming to school?”
• Expected responses: Bathing, brushing, washing face, combing hair, sweeping, wearing clean clothes.
• Teacher explains that all these practices are part of cleanliness, which is very important for health.

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Step II: Presentation (25 minutes)

Objective 1: Definition of Personal Cleanliness (5 minutes)

• Teacher explains that personal cleanliness means keeping the body and everything about it neat, tidy, and free from dirt and germs.
• Students are asked to repeat the definition.
• Teacher stresses that personal cleanliness is the foundation of good health.

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Objective 2: Methods of Keeping the Body Clean (5 minutes)

• Teacher displays real objects: toothbrush, soap, nail cutter, towel.
• Teacher explains methods:
• Bathing with soap and clean water at least once daily
• Brushing teeth morning and night
• Washing hands regularly (before eating and after using toilet)
• Cutting nails and keeping them short
• Wearing clean clothes and underwear
• Students mention other methods they know.
• Teacher links each method to how it prevents sickness.

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Objective 3: Methods of Keeping the Home Clean (7 minutes)

• Teacher asks: “What chores do you do at home to keep your environment clean?”
• Students respond with examples (sweeping, washing plates, mopping floors, emptying dustbins, washing toilets).
• Teacher adds more:
• Proper refuse disposal
• Clearing gutters and surroundings
• Dusting furniture and cleaning windows
• Teacher explains how these methods prevent diseases like malaria, cholera, and typhoid.
• Students discuss which of these methods they practice at home.

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Objective 4: Advantages and Disadvantages of Personal Cleanliness (8 minutes)

• Teacher divides class into two groups.
• Group A lists advantages:
• Prevents diseases
• Makes one healthy, smart, and attractive
• Builds confidence and respect from others
• Increases lifespan
• Group B lists disadvantages:
• Requires time and effort
• May cost money (buying soap, toothpaste, detergents, etc.)
• Teacher moderates discussion and helps students evaluate which outweighs the other.
• Conclusion: Advantages are more important than disadvantages, so personal cleanliness must be practiced always.

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Step III: Conclusion (5 minutes)

• Teacher reviews key points with students:
• Personal cleanliness means keeping the body free from dirt and germs.
• Methods of keeping body and home clean.
• Advantages and disadvantages of personal cleanliness.
• Teacher asks students to repeat after him/her to reinforce learning.

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Evaluation (5 minutes)

The teacher asks:

1. What is personal cleanliness?
2. Mention two methods of keeping the body clean.
3. State two methods of keeping the home clean.
4. List one advantage and one disadvantage of personal cleanliness.

(Expected answers given orally by students)

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Assignment

Write five sentences in your notebook on how your family practices cleanliness at home.