Growth and Development (Lesson note)

📘 Detailed Lesson Note

Subject: Basic Science
Class: JSS 2 (Grade 8)
Theme: You and Environment
Topic: Growth and Development

Week: Four
Date: To be inserted by teacher
Duration: 40 minutes
Teacher: Kingsley Thompson

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🏆 Lesson Objectives

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

1. Cognitive (Lower domain): Define growth correctly.
2. Cognitive (Middle domain): Explain at least two ways of measuring growth.
3. Cognitive (Higher domain): Differentiate growth from development.
4. Cognitive (Higher domain): Identify at least two ways of measuring development.
5. Affective (Higher domain): Discuss developmental changes at infancy, adolescence, and adulthood.
6. Psychomotor (Higher domain): Classify examples of growth and development changes as temporary or permanent.

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📝 Instructional Materials

• Charts of human developmental stages (infant → adolescent → adult)
• Measuring tape/ruler
• Weighing scale
• Flashcards with examples of changes (e.g., teething, puberty, weight gain, ageing)

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⏰ Lesson Development

Step I: Introduction (5 minutes)

• Teacher greets students and creates rapport.
• Teacher asks: “How many of you are taller today than when you were in primary school?”
• Students respond.
• Teacher links their responses to the topic Growth and Development.
• Teacher writes the topic on the board and states the objectives.

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Step II: Meaning of Growth (5 minutes)

• Teacher explains: Growth is the increase in size, height, weight, or mass of a living organism.
• Teacher gives examples:
• A baby growing into a child.
• A maize plant sprouting into a tall stalk.
• Teacher’s Role: Explains with simple examples and shows pictures/charts.
• Students’ Role: Listen, observe, and ask questions.
• Board Summary: Growth = increase in size, height, weight, or mass.

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Step III: Measurement of Growth (5 minutes)

• Teacher explains that growth is measured by:
1. Height (using ruler or measuring tape).
2. Weight (using weighing scale).
3. Body Mass Index (BMI) in advanced studies.
• Teacher’s Role: Demonstrates how to measure height with tape and weight with scale.
• Students’ Role: Participate in demonstration (one student comes out for practical).
• Board Summary: Growth is measured by height, weight, and mass.

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Step IV: Meaning of Development (5 minutes)

• Teacher explains: Development is the progressive changes in form, ability, and function as an organism grows.
• Difference: Growth = size/quantity, Development = ability/quality.
• Examples:
• Learning to walk, talk, or read.
• A child learning to reason.
• Teacher’s Role: Explains and contrasts with growth.
• Students’ Role: Give real-life examples (e.g., “I can now ride a bicycle”).
• Board Summary: Development = ability and function improvement.

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Step V: Measurement of Development (5 minutes)

• Teacher explains: Development is measured by:
1. Intellectual ability (thinking, problem-solving).
2. Social ability (mixing with people).
3. Emotional maturity (self-control, responsibility).
• Teacher’s Role: Explains with examples.
• Students’ Role: Relate with personal experiences (e.g., changes from childhood to now).
• Board Summary: Development = intellectual, social, and emotional maturity.

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Step VI: Developmental Changes (8 minutes)

• Teacher explains 3 stages:
• Infancy (0–2 years): teething, crawling, learning to talk.
• Adolescence (12–18 years): puberty, voice changes, breast development, menstruation, hair growth.
• Adulthood (18+ years): full maturity, reproduction, responsibility.
• Teacher’s Role: Explains with charts.
• Students’ Role: Discuss features they observe in their peers.
• Board Summary:
• Infancy → teething, crawling.
• Adolescence → puberty, growth spurts.
• Adulthood → maturity, reproduction.

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Step VII: Classification of Growth & Development Changes (5 minutes)

• Teacher gives examples and asks students to classify:
• Temporary: weight gain, hair growth.
• Permanent: teething, puberty, ageing.
• Teacher’s Role: Guides with flashcards.
• Students’ Role: Sort examples into temporary/permanent categories.
• Board Summary: Temporary changes = reversible; Permanent changes = irreversible.

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🏁 Conclusion (2 minutes)

• Teacher reviews key points:
• Growth = increase in size.
• Development = improvement in abilities.
• Growth measured by height/weight; development measured by intellectual, social, emotional ability.
• Stages = infancy, adolescence, adulthood.
• Changes can be temporary or permanent.

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📝 Evaluation Questions

1. Define growth.
2. State two ways of measuring growth.
3. What is development?
4. Mention two ways of measuring development.
5. Give one feature each of infancy, adolescence, and adulthood.
6. Classify: puberty, weight gain, and teething into temporary or permanent changes.

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📌 Assignment

Draw and label a chart of human developmental stages (infancy → adolescence → adulthood). Write two features under each stage.