STUDENTS’
FRIENDLY E‑NOTE
Subject:
Basic Science
Class:
Grade 7 (JSS 1)
Topic:
Diseases and Prevention
What
is a Disease?
A disease is any condition
that stops the body from working normally. When a person is sick, we say the
person has a disease.
Examples: Malaria, cholera, cough, typhoid fever.
Types
of Diseases
Diseases are grouped into two main
types:
- Communicable Diseases
These are diseases that can be passed from one person to another.
Examples: Malaria, cholera, tuberculosis, measles.
- Non‑Communicable Diseases
These are diseases that cannot be passed from one person to another.
Examples: Diabetes, hypertension, asthma.
Modes
of Transmission of Diseases
Communicable diseases spread in
different ways:
- Through Air
Diseases can spread when an infected person coughs or sneezes.
Example: Tuberculosis, flu.
- Through Water
Drinking dirty or contaminated water can cause diseases.
Example: Cholera.
- Through Food
Eating contaminated or uncovered food can spread diseases.
Example: Typhoid fever.
- Through Insects
Some insects carry germs and spread diseases.
Example: Mosquito spreads malaria.
Methods
of Preventing Diseases
Diseases can be prevented in the
following ways:
- Sanitation
- Keeping the environment clean
- Proper disposal of refuse
- Washing hands regularly
- Education
- Learning about diseases
- Practicing good personal hygiene
- Avoiding unhealthy habits
- Immunization
- Taking vaccines to protect the body from diseases
Importance
of Disease Prevention
- It helps us stay healthy
- It reduces the spread of diseases
- It saves lives
- It improves school attendance and learning
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