Environmental Pollution-Lesson note

LESSON PLAN

Class: JSS 1 / Grade 7
Subject: Basic Science
Time: 40 Minutes
Topic: Environmental Pollution

Instructional Objectives

At the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

1. Define environmental pollution correctly in their own words.
   (Lower domain – Knowledge)
2. Identify and classify at least three types of environmental pollution (air, water, soil) with one example each.
   (Middle domain – Understanding)
3. Explain at least three causes of environmental pollution (pollutants) using everyday activities in their environment.
   (Middle domain – Application)
4. Analyse the effects of environmental pollution on humans, plants, and animals, mentioning at least two effects.
   (Higher domain – Analysis)
5. Suggest at least three practical methods of controlling environmental pollution in their community.
   (Higher domain – Evaluation)

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Entry Behaviour

Students have seen smoke from vehicles, refuse dumps, dirty water, and oil spills in their environment.

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Instructional Materials

• Charts/pictures showing air, water, and soil pollution
• Blackboard and chalk
• Real-life examples from the local environment

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Teaching Method

• Discussion method
• Question and answer
• Demonstration using pictures

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Presentation

Step 1: Introduction (5 minutes)

• Teacher asks students:
• “What happens when refuse is not properly disposed of?”
• “Have you seen smoke from vehicles or factories?”
• Teacher links responses to the topic Environmental Pollution.

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Step 2: Meaning of Environmental Pollution (5 minutes)

Teacher’s Activity:

• Explains that environmental pollution is the contamination of the environment by harmful substances.

Student’s Activity:

• Listen and repeat definition.

Board Summary:
Environmental pollution is the introduction of harmful substances into the environment making it unsafe for living things.

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Step 3: Types of Environmental Pollution (10 minutes)

Teacher’s Activity:

• Explains the three types:
• Air pollution – smoke, exhaust fumes
• Water pollution – oil spill, sewage in rivers
• Soil pollution – refuse dumping, chemicals

Student’s Activity:

• Mention examples from their surroundings.

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Step 4: Causes and Effects of Pollution (10 minutes)

Teacher’s Activity:

• Explains causes (pollutants):
• Smoke from vehicles
• Industrial waste
• Improper waste disposal
• Use of chemicals
• Explains effects:
• Causes diseases
• Destroys plants and animals
• Pollutes drinking water
• Causes global warming

Student’s Activity:

• Answer questions and participate in discussion.

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Step 5: Methods of Controlling Pollution (7 minutes)

Teacher’s Activity:

• Explains control measures:
• Proper waste disposal
• Recycling
• Planting trees
• Treating industrial waste
• Environmental laws

Student’s Activity:

• Suggest ways pollution can be reduced in their community.

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Step 6: Evaluation (3 minutes)

Teacher asks students to:

1. Define environmental pollution.
2. List two types of pollution.
3. Mention one cause of pollution.
4. State one effect of pollution.
5. Suggest one way to control pollution.

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Step 7: Conclusion (2 minutes)

• Teacher summarizes the lesson.
• Emphasizes the need to keep the environment clean.

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Assignment

1. Write three causes of environmental pollution.
2. List three ways pollution can be controlled in your community.

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OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

Topic: Environmental Pollution

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Lower Domain (Knowledge & Recall)

1. Environmental pollution means the
   A. cleaning of the environment
   B. protection of natural resources
   C. introduction of harmful substances into the environment
   D. movement of people from one place to another
2. Which of the following is an example of air pollution?
   A. Oil spill in river
   B. Smoke from vehicles
   C. Refuse dump on land
   D. Use of fertilizer
3. Water pollution occurs when
   A. water is boiled
   B. water is filtered
   C. harmful substances enter water bodies
   D. water is stored in tanks
4. Which of the following is a type of environmental pollution?
   A. Noise
   B. Air
   C. Rain
   D. Wind
5. Which gas from vehicles mainly causes air pollution?
   A. Oxygen
   B. Carbon dioxide
   C. Nitrogen
   D. Hydrogen
6. Dumping refuse on land causes
   A. air pollution
   B. water pollution
   C. soil pollution
   D. noise pollution

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Middle Domain (Understanding & Application)

7. Which activity is most likely to pollute a river?
   A. Fishing
   B. Swimming
   C. Washing clothes with detergent in the river
   D. Fetching water
8. The use of pesticides on farms mainly causes
   A. air pollution
   B. soil pollution
   C. noise pollution
   D. light pollution
9. Which of the following best explains why pollution is harmful?
   A. It makes the environment colourful
   B. It improves plant growth
   C. It causes diseases in humans
   D. It increases rainfall
10. An example of soil pollution in your community is
    A. planting flowers
    B. sweeping the compound
    C. dumping refuse on farmland
    D. watering crops
11. Which of these substances is a pollutant?
    A. Clean water
    B. Fresh air
    C. Smoke
    D. Sunlight
12. Oil spill in rivers mainly affects
    A. birds only
    B. fishes and other aquatic animals
    C. soil only
    D. the atmosphere
13. One major effect of air pollution on humans is
    A. good health
    B. increased strength
    C. respiratory problems
    D. better eyesight

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Higher Domain (Analysis, Evaluation & Problem Solving)

14. Which action will BEST reduce air pollution in a city?
    A. Burning refuse openly
    B. Using old vehicles
    C. Planting more trees
    D. Cutting down forests
15. A community that dumps waste into rivers will MOST likely experience
    A. clean drinking water
    B. water-borne diseases
    C. better fishing
    D. improved sanitation
16. Which method is MOST effective in controlling pollution?
    A. Ignoring waste problems
    B. Proper waste disposal
    C. Increasing industrial waste
    D. Cutting down trees
17. If factories treat their waste before disposal, the environment will
    A. become more polluted
    B. remain dirty
    C. be protected from pollution
    D. stop human activities
18. Which of the following combinations helps control soil pollution?
    A. Overuse of chemicals
    B. Proper refuse disposal and recycling
    C. Oil spillage
    D. Bush burning
19. Why should governments make laws against pollution?
    A. To increase waste
    B. To punish only farmers
    C. To protect human health and the environment
    D. To stop industrial development
20. The BEST way students can help reduce pollution in school is to
    A. throw waste anywhere
    B. burn plastics
    C. keep their surroundings clean
    D. waste water

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ANSWER KEY

1. C
2. B
3. C
4. B
5. B
6. C
7. C
8. B
9. C
10. C
11. C
12. B
13. C
14. C
15. B
16. B
17. C
18. B
19. C
20. C