Heat and Temperature

📘 BASIC SCIENCE E-NOTE

Topic: Heat and Temperature

Class: Primary 5

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🔥 Meaning of Heat

• Heat is the energy that makes things warm or hot.

• When we boil water or cook food, heat is what causes the change.

• Example: The sun gives us heat that keeps the earth warm.

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🌡️ Meaning of Temperature

• Temperature tells how hot or cold something is.

• It shows the level of heat an object has.

• Example: When we feel hot, our temperature goes up; when we are cold, it goes down.

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⚖️ Difference Between Heat and Temperature

Heat	Temperature
It is a form of energy.	It is a measure of how hot or cold something is.
It flows from a hot body to a cold one.	It does not flow.
It is measured in joules.	It is measured in degrees (°C, °F, K).

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🧪 The Thermometer

• A thermometer is an instrument used to measure temperature.

• It contains a liquid (like mercury or colored alcohol) that rises or falls as temperature changes.

• Thermometers are used in hospitals, schools, laboratories, and weather stations.

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🧭 Units and Symbols of Temperature

Unit Name	Symbol	Used In
Degree Celsius	°C	Everyday life, weather reports
Degree Fahrenheit	°F	Some countries like the U.S.A
Kelvin	K	Science and laboratory work

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💡 Uses of Thermometer

• To measure body temperature in hospitals.

• To check room or weather temperature.

• To measure heat in scientific experiments.

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⚠️ Remember

• Heat makes things warm or hot.

• Temperature measures how hot or cold something is.

• Thermometer is used to measure temperature.

• Temperature is written in °C, °F, or K.

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📝 Objective Questions

Instruction: Choose the correct answer from the options A–D.

1. Heat is a form of ______.
   A. Sound
   B. Light
   C. Energy
   D. Water

2. Temperature tells us ______.
   A. How hot or cold something is
   B. How fast a car moves
   C. How heavy something is
   D. How big something looks

3. The instrument used to measure temperature is called a ______.
   A. Ruler
   B. Thermometer
   C. Barometer
   D. Compass

4. Heat always flows from a ______.
   A. Cold place to a hot place
   B. Hot place to a cold place
   C. Small place to a big place
   D. Dark place to a bright place

5. Which of these shows that temperature is high?
   A. Ice melting
   B. Water freezing
   C. A cold drink
   D. A block of ice

6. Which of the following is not a unit of temperature?
   A. Kelvin (K)
   B. Joule (J)
   C. Degree Celsius (°C)
   D. Degree Fahrenheit (°F)

7. The liquid found inside most thermometers is ______.
   A. Water
   B. Oil
   C. Mercury
   D. Kerosene

8. Which of these thermometers is commonly used in hospitals?
   A. Wall thermometer
   B. Clinical thermometer
   C. Room thermometer
   D. Laboratory thermometer

9. What is the symbol for degree Celsius?
   A. °F
   B. °C
   C. K
   D. J

10. Which of the following statements is correct?
    A. Temperature is a form of energy.
    B. Heat measures how hot or cold something is.
    C. Heat and temperature are the same thing.
    D. Heat is energy, while temperature measures how hot or cold something is.

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✅ Answers

1. C. Energy

2. A. How hot or cold something is

3. B. Thermometer

4. B. Hot place to a cold place

5. A. Ice melting

6. B. Joule (J)

7. C. Mercury

8. B. Clinical thermometer

9. B. °C

10. D. Heat is energy, while temperature measures how hot or cold something is

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🧠 Quick Revision Questions

1. What is heat?

2. What is temperature?

3. Mention one difference between heat and temperature.

4. What instrument is used to measure temperature?

5. Write the three units of temperature.