Disease Prevention and STIs/STDs

STUDENTS’ FRIENDLY E-NOTE

Subject:Basic Science

Class:Grade 7 (JSS 1)

Topic: Disease Prevention and STIs/STDs

---

1. Meaning of Disease Prevention

Disease prevention means all the actions we take to stop diseases from affecting our body.

Examples:

* Keeping our body clean

* Taking vaccines

* Eating balanced diet

* Visiting the hospital regularly

---

2. Definition of Immunization**

Immunization is the process of giving vaccines to protect the body against certain diseases.

Vaccines help the body to fight germs before they make us sick.

---

3. Immunization Centres

These are places where vaccines are given.

Examples include:

* Government hospitals

* Primary Health Centres (PHC)

* Maternity clinics

* Community health posts

* Private hospitals

Always go with your parents or guardian.

---

4. Immunizable Diseases

These are diseases that can be prevented through immunization.

Examples:

* Measles

* Poliomyelitis (Polio)

* Tuberculosis (TB)

* Yellow Fever

* Tetanus

* Hepatitis B

Immunization usually starts from infancy but older children can also receive some vaccines.

---

5. Meaning of STIs / STDs

STIs (Sexually Transmitted Infections) or

STDs (Sexually Transmitted Diseases) are infections spread mainly through sexual contact with an infected person.

They are dangerous and can damage the body if not treated early.

6. Examples of STIs / STDs

* Gonorrhoea

* Syphilis

* HIV/AIDS

* Chlamydia

* Genital herpes

7. Causes of STIs / STDs

STIs/STDs can be caused by:

1. Unprotected sexual intercourse

2. Having many sexual partners

3. Sharing infected needles, blades, or syringes

4. Transfusion of infected blood

5. From infected mother to baby during birth

8. Preventive Measures of STIs / STDs

Ways to prevent STIs/STDs include:

* Abstinence (avoiding sexual activity)

* Being faithful to one partner

* Proper use of condoms

* Avoid sharing sharp objects

* Testing blood before transfusion

* Health education and counselling

9. Importance of Disease Prevention

* Keeps us healthy

* Saves medical cost

* Prevents death

* Helps us attend school regularly

* Promotes long life

---

Key Words to Remember

Immunization: Protection through vaccines

Vaccine: Medicine that prevents disease

Immunizable diseases:Diseases prevented by vaccines

STIs/STDs:Diseases spread through sexual contact

• Objective Questions

Lower Domain (1–8)

1. Disease prevention means
   A. Treating diseases
   B. Avoiding hospital
   C. Actions taken to stop diseases
   D. Sleeping always

2. Immunization is the process of giving
   A. Food
   B. Vaccines
   C. Blood
   D. Water

3. Vaccines help the body to fight
   A. Stones
   B. Germs
   C. Air
   D. Dust

4. Which of these is an immunization centre?
   A. Police station
   B. Market
   C. Hospital
   D. Bank

5. Which disease can be prevented by immunization?
   A. Malaria
   B. Measles
   C. Typhoid
   D. Cholera

6. STI means
   A. Serious Tissue Injury
   B. Sexually Transmitted Infection
   C. Skin Transfer Illness
   D. System Tissue Infection

7. HIV/AIDS is an example of
   A. Airborne disease
   B. Water disease
   C. STI/STD
   D. Hereditary disease

8. Which of these is NOT an STI?
   A. Gonorrhoea
   B. Syphilis
   C. Tuberculosis
   D. Chlamydia

---

Middle Domain (9–15)

9. Immunization usually begins at
   A. Old age
   B. Infancy
   C. Teenage
   D. Adulthood

10. One importance of disease prevention is that it
    A. Wastes money
    B. Saves medical cost
    C. Causes illness
    D. Stops growth

11. STIs can be transmitted through
    A. Handshake
    B. Hugging
    C. Sexual contact
    D. Sharing food

12. Sharing infected needles can lead to
    A. Diabetes
    B. Hypertension
    C. STIs
    D. Asthma

13. Which of these prevents STIs?
    A. Sharing blades
    B. Abstinence
    C. Multiple partners
    D. Blood exchange

14. Yellow fever vaccine is taken to prevent
    A. STI
    B. Immunizable disease
    C. Skin disease
    D. Eye defect

15. Going for regular medical check-up is a form of
    A. Disease treatment
    B. Disease prevention
    C. Punishment
    D. Exercise

---

Upper Domain (16–20)

16. A student refuses vaccination due to fear. The best advice is that vaccines
    A. Cause diseases
    B. Are not useful
    C. Protect the body from germs
    D. Are only for adults

17. Which situation has the highest risk of STI infection?
    A. Playing football
    B. Sharing clothes
    C. Unprotected sexual intercourse
    D. Eating together

18. If infected blood is transfused into a patient, it may lead to
    A. Immunity
    B. STI infection
    C. Faster growth
    D. No effect

19. Why should sharp objects not be shared?
    A. They get blunt
    B. They are expensive
    C. They can transmit infections
    D. They are heavy

20. A community with good immunization practice will have
    A. More disease outbreak
    B. Higher death rate
    C. Healthier children
    D. No hospitals

---

Answers

1. C

2. B

3. B

4. C

5. B

6. B

7. C

8. C

9. B

10. B

11. C

12. C

13. B

14. B

15. B

16. C

17. C

18. B

19. C

20. C